T-FIM: Transparency in Federated Identity Management for Decentralized Trust and Forensics Investigation

Author:

Xu Bowen12,Zhang Zhijintong3,Sun Aozhuo12,Guo Juanjuan4,Wang Zihan5,Li Bingyu3,Dong Jiankuo6ORCID,Jia Shijie12,Song Li12

Affiliation:

1. State Key Laboratory of Information Security, Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100045, China

2. School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China

3. School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China

4. Cloud Computing & Big Data Research Institute, China Academy of Information and Communications Technology, Beijing 100191, China

5. National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/Coordination Center of China, Beijing 100029, China

6. School of Computer Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China

Abstract

Federated Identity Management (FIM) has gained significant adoption as a means to simplify user authentication and service authorization across diverse domains. It serves as a centralized authentication and authorization method, enabling users to access various applications or resources using credentials issued by a universally trusted identity provider (IdP). However, recent security incidents indicate that the reliability of credentials issued by IdP is not absolute in practice. If the IdP fails, it can persistently access any application that trusts it as any user. This poses a significant security threat to the entire system. Furthermore, with the increasing adoption of FIM across diverse scenarios, there is a growing demand for the development of an identity management system that can effectively support digital forensics investigations into malicious user behavior. In this work, we introduce transparency to federated identity management, proposing T-FIM to supervise unconditional trust. T-FIM employs privacy-preserving logs to record all IdP-issued tokens, ensuring that only the true owner can access the exact token. We utilize identity-based encryption (IBE), but not just as a black box, encrypting tokens before they are publicly recorded. In addition, we propose a decentralized private key generator (DPKG) to provide IBE private keys for users, avoiding the introduction of a new centralized trust node. T-FIM also presents a novel approach to digital forensics that enables forensic investigators to collect evidence in a privacy-preserving manner with the cooperation of the DPKG. We conduct a comprehensive analysis of the correctness, security, and privacy aspects of T-FIM. To demonstrate the practical feasibility of T-FIM, we evaluated the additional overhead through experimental evaluations. Additionally, we compared its performance with other similar schemes to provide a comprehensive understanding of its capabilities and advantages.

Funder

National Key RD Plan of China

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Youth Top Talent Support Program of Beihang University

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Computer Networks and Communications,Hardware and Architecture,Signal Processing,Control and Systems Engineering

Reference71 articles.

1. Okta Inc. (2023, July 25). What Is Federated Identity?. Available online: https://www.okta.com/identity-101/what-is-federated-identity/.

2. FCMDT: A novel fuzzy cognitive maps dynamic trust model for cloud federated identity management;Bendiab;Comput. Secur.,2019

3. Hardt, D. (2023, July 25). The OAuth 2.0 Authorization Framework. Technical Report. Available online: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6749.

4. OpenID Foundation (2023, July 25). OpenID Connect. Available online: https://openid.net/connect/.

5. Security assertion markup language (saml) v2. 0 technical overview;Hughes;OASIS SSTC Work. Draft Sstc-Saml,2005

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