Renewal of Lead Battery Electrodes Using a Plasma—Chemical Processing Method

Author:

Kavaliauskas Žydrūnas1,Šajev Igor1,Blažiūnas Giedrius1,Gecevičius Giedrius1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Industrial Engineering and Robotics, Kauno Kolegija Higher Education Institution, Pramonės Ave. 20, LT-50468 Kaunas, Lithuania

Abstract

The increasing use of renewable energy sources increases the need for electricity storage systems. In this work, the possibility of renewing worn-out battery Pb electrodes by applying Ar and O2 gas plasma in a magnetron vacuum system was investigated. As shown by the SEM results of the surface of Pb electrodes, after exposure to O2 plasma, the surface of Pb electrodes consists of irregularly shaped microstructures. Analyzing the XRD results revealed that the spectrum peaks of the Pb4O3SO4 compound are more pronounced in the case of the electrodes of the worn battery than those electrodes that were exposed to Ar and O2 gas plasma. It was observed that the process of renewing Pb electrodes in Ar and O2 plasma has a positive effect. This effect is also confirmed by the results of EDS studies, as the chemical compounds that inhibit the charge/discharge process are reduced, and the percentage of pure lead increases from 68.2% (in the case of worn electrodes) to 81–82% (when the worn electrodes were processed using Ar and O2 plasma).

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes,Computer Science Applications,Process Chemistry and Technology,General Engineering,Instrumentation,General Materials Science

Reference35 articles.

1. A new method for charging and repairing Lead-acid batteries;Sun;Earth Environ. Sci.,2020

2. Overcharge, Overdischarge and Failure of Lead-acid Batteries for Electric Bicycles;Ke;Batteries,2005

3. Emanuelsson, C. (2015). Scanning Electron Microscopy Study of Macbat Regeneration Effect on Lead-Acid Battery Electrodes. [Master’s Thesis, Karlstads University].

4. Chen, S., Lian, Z., Li, S., Kim, J., Li, Y., Cao, L., and Liu, Z. (2017). The Environmental Burdens of Lead-Acid Batteries in China: Insights from an Integrated Material Flow Analysis and Life Cycle Assessment of Lead. Energies, 10.

5. Life cycle assessment of lead-acid battery;Zhang;Chin. J. Environ. Manag.,2013

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3