Positive Clinical Outcomes for Severe Reported Pain Using Robust Non-Addictive Home Electrotherapy—A Case-Series

Author:

Bajaj Anish12ORCID,Han David3,Elman Igor45,Thanos Panayotis K.67,Dennen Catherine A.8,Badgaiyan Rajendra D.9ORCID,Bowirrat Abdalla10ORCID,Barh Debmalya1112ORCID,Blum Kenneth1314151617ORCID

Affiliation:

1. School of Chiropractic, Cleveland University Health Sciences, Overland Park, KS 66210, USA

2. Bajaj Chiropractic, New York, NY 10010, USA

3. Department of Management Science and Statistics, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA

4. Center for Pain and the Brain (P.A.I.N Group), Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA

5. Cambridge Health Alliance, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA

6. Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions, Clinical Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biosciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA

7. Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA

8. Department of Family Medicine, Jefferson Health Northeast, Philadelphia, PA 19114, USA

9. Department of Psychiatry, South Texas Veteran Health Care System, Audie L. Murphy Memorial VA Hospital, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA

10. Department of Molecular Biology, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel

11. Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology, Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur 721172, India

12. Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil

13. The Kenneth Blum Behavioral & Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, TX 78701, USA

14. Center for Behavioral Health & Sports, Exercise, Psychiatry, Western University Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA

15. Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Kazinczy u. 23-27, 1075 Budapest, Hungary

16. Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA

17. Graduate College, Western University Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA

Abstract

The North American opioid epidemic has resulted in over 800,000 related premature overdose fatalities since 2000, with the United States leading the world in highest opioid deaths per capita. Despite increased federal funding in recent years, intended to address this crisis, opioid overdose mortality has continued to increase. Legally prescribed opioids also chronically induce a problematic reduction in affect. While an ideal analgesic has yet to be developed, some effective multimodal non-opioid pharmacological regimens for acute pain management are being more widely utilized. Some investigators have suggested that a safer and more scientifically sound approach might be to induce “dopamine homeostasis” through non-pharmacological approaches, since opioid use even for acute pain of short duration is now being strongly questioned. There is also increasing evidence suggesting that some more robust forms of electrotherapy could be applied as an effective adjunct to avoid the problems associated with opioids. This 4-patient case-series presents such an approach to treatment of severe pain. All 4 of these chiropractic treatment cases involved a component of knee osteoarthritis, in addition to other reported areas of pain. Each patient engaged in a home recovery strategy using H-Wave® device stimulation (HWDS) to address residual extremity issues following treatment of spinal subluxation and other standard treatments. A simple statistical analysis was conducted to determine the change in pain scores (Visual Analogue Scale) of pre and post electrotherapy treatments, resulting in significant reductions in self-reported pain (p-value = 0.0002). Three of the four patients continued using the home therapy device long-term as determined by a post-analysis questionnaire. This small case-series demonstrated notably positive outcomes, suggesting consideration of home use of HWDS for safe, non-pharmacological and non-addictive treatment of severe pain.

Funder

Electronic Waveform Lab Inc.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Medicine (miscellaneous)

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