The Impact of Base Cell Size Setup on the Finite Difference Time Domain Computational Simulation of Human Cornea Exposed to Millimeter Wave Radiation at Frequencies above 30 GHz

Abstract

Mobile communication has achieved enormous technology innovations over many generations of progression. New cellular technology, including 5G cellular systems, is being deployed and making use of higher frequencies, including the Millimetre Wave (MMW) range (30–300 GHz) of the electromagnetic spectrum. Numerical computational techniques such as the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method have been used extensively as an effective approach for assessing electromagnetic fields’ biological impacts. This study demonstrates the variation of the accuracy of the FDTD computational simulation system when different meshing sizes are used, by using the interaction of the critically sensitive human cornea with EM in the 30 to 100 GHz range. Different approaches of base cell size specifications were compared. The accuracy of the computation is determined by applying planar sensors showing the detail of electric field distribution as well as the absolute values of electric field collected by point sensors. It was found that manually defining the base cell sizes reduces the model size as well as the computation time. However, the accuracy of the computation decreases in an unpredictable way. The results indicated that using a cloud computing capacity plays a crucial role in minimizing the computation time.