Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Women’s Health and Obstetric Outcomes after Assisted Reproduction: A Survey from an Italian Fertility Center

Author:

Cirillo Michela12ORCID,Basile Valentina2,Mazzoli Letizia2,Coccia Maria Elisabetta23ORCID,Fatini Cinzia12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy

2. Centre for Assisted Reproductive Technology, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy

3. Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy

Abstract

Background: the restrictive measures that were adopted during three waves of the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on both the emotional state and lifestyle of the general population. We evaluated the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on lifestyles and emotional states of women planning assisted reproductive technology (ART), and whether these changes affected ART outcomes. Methods: quantitative research, using a web-based survey, was performed on 289 Caucasian women. Results: In preconception, we observed higher percentage of women with positive obstetric outcomes who reduced body weight (52.4% vs. 27.2%, p = 0.09). Over 60% of women with positive outcomes practiced physical activity vs. 47% of women with negative outcomes (p = 0.03), as well as having better quality of sleep (45% vs. 35%), and a more solid relationships with their partners (65.1% vs. 51.7%, p = 0.03). Women who increased their intake of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes (p < 0.05), according to the Mediterranean diet, showed positive outcomes. We observed that participants who experienced “very much” or “extreme” anxiety, sadness, and fear (p < 0.05) during pandemic were clearly more numerous in the group with negative pregnancy outcomes. Conclusions: healthy lifestyle together with a positive emotional state in preconception can positively influence the obstetric outcomes after ART.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Medicine (miscellaneous)

Reference32 articles.

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3. (2022, March 08). Available online: worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/total-fertility-rate.

4. (2022, March 15). Available online: www.sicp.it/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/PMA_raccomandazioni-6-apr-20.pdf.

5. Cavicchioli, M., Ferrucci, R., Guidetti, M., Canevini, M.P., Pravettoni, G., and Galli, F. (2021). What Will Be the Impact of the COVID-19 Quarantine on Psychological Distress? Considerations Based on a Systematic Review of Pandemic Outbreaks. Healthcare, 9.

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