Occurrence and Behavior of Methylsiloxanes in Urban Environment in Four Cities of China

Abstract

Methylsiloxanes (MSs), used in industrial production and personal care products, are released in various environmental media. In this study, we combined monitoring and modeling to investigate the occurrence and behavior of MSs in the urban environment in China. MSs were widely found in the air, water, soil and sediment of four cities in China. The concentrations of MSs in all four environmental media of Zhangjiagang were higher than those in the other three cities (Beijing, Kunming and Lijiang), indicating that the siloxane production plant had a significant impact on the pollution level of MSs in the surrounding environment. The samples with high MS concentrations were all from the sample sites near the outlet of the WWTPs, which showed that the effluent of the WWTPs was the main source of MS pollution in the surrounding environment. The modeling results of the EQC level III model showed that D4 discharged into the environment was mainly distributed in the air, while D5 and D6 were mainly distributed in the sediment. CMSs (D4–D6) discharged into various environmental media could exist in the urban environment for a long time with low temperatures in cities. When the temperature was 0 °C, the residence time of D5 and D6 could be 68.1 days and 243 days in the whole environmental system in Beijing. This study illustrates the importance of CMSs (D4–D6) in low-temperature environments and the potential environmental risks that they may pose.