A Review Concerning the Use of Etravirine and Darunavir in Translational Medicine

Author:

Pereira Mariana123ORCID,Vale Nuno124ORCID

Affiliation:

1. PerMed Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal

2. CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal

3. ICBAS, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal

4. Department of Community Medicine, Health Information and Decision (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal

Abstract

This comprehensive review explores two antiretroviral drugs, Etravirine (ETV) and Darunavir (DRV), a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and a protease inhibitor, that are commonly used in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection treatment, often in combination with each other. The pharmacokinetic properties of these drugs are covered as well as the clinical trials of these two drugs combined. This paper also delves into the possible repurposing of these two drugs for other diseases, with drug repurposing being a significant factor in addressing global health challenges. DRV was extensively studied for treating COVID-19, as well as other infections, such as candidiasis and cryptococcosis, while ETV proved to be efficient in hampering Zika virus brain infection. The focus on cancer repurposing is also explored, with the results revealing that ETV has a particular inhibitory effect on ovarian cancer in vitro and on cancer molecules, such as anterior gradient protein 2 homolog (AGR2) and casein kinase 1 (CK1ε), and that DRV has an in silico inhibitory effect on human lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and induces the in vitro and in vivo inhibition of pepsin, consequent laryngopharyngeal reflux, and possible laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas. The significance of fresh methods of drug development is emphasized in this work, as is the enormous potential for new therapeutic uses of the antiretroviral drugs ETV and DRV in viral and non-viral disorders.

Funder

Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional

Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Pharmacology

Reference112 articles.

1. HIV and the spectrum of human disease;Lucas;J. Pathol.,2015

2. UNAIDS (2023, July 17). Global HIV & AIDS Statistics—Fact Sheet. Available online: https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/fact-sheet.

3. HIV disease;Patton;Dent. Clin. N. Am.,2003

4. Pathogenic mechanisms of HIV disease;Moir;Annu. Rev. Pathol.,2011

5. HIV virology and pathogenetic mechanisms of infection: A brief overview;Raimondo;Ann. Ist. Super. Sanita,2010

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3