Assessment of Sediments’ Transport Triggering Processes through the Identification of Deposition Shapes in Large Reservoirs

Author:

Molina José-Luis1ORCID,Espejo Fernando1ORCID,Zazo Santiago1ORCID,Diez-Castro Teresa1ORCID,Mongil-Manso Jorge2ORCID,Nespereira José3ORCID,Patino-Alonso Carmen4ORCID,Silla Fernando5ORCID

Affiliation:

1. IGA Research Group, High Polytechnic School of Avila, University of Salamanca, Av. de los Hornos Caleros, 50, 05003 Ávila, Spain

2. Forest, Water & Soil Research Group, Catholic University of Ávila, C/Canteros s/n, 05005 Ávila, Spain

3. Department of Geology, High Polytechnic School of Zamora, University of Salamanca, Av. de Requejo, 33, 49022 Zamora, Spain

4. IGA Research Group, Department of Statistics, University of Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, C/Alfonso X El Sabio s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain

5. Department of Animal Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, C/Donantes de Sangre s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain

Abstract

Sediment deposition at the bottom of artificial reservoirs has become a worldwide problem. This comprises a dual issue that is, in the first place, associated with the reduction in storage capacity and lifetime of large reservoirs. The second aspect comprises the threat that the sediment represents for the dam structure. This research is mainly aimed at identifying and inferring the main sediments’ triggering processes through a rigorous analysis of deposition shapes in a large reservoir. For identifying the main deposition shapes, a sequential methodology was designed and developed comprising the following stages. First, an analysis of XYZ cartography from bathymetric development was conducted. Then, a shapes categorization was developed that comprises the identification of six types of shapes based on four parameters: slope continuity, slope break, absolute and relative slope, and arc configuration. The third stage comprised a visualization and spatial calculation of shapes through GIS-based cartography. The fourth stage comprised an interpretation of deposition shapes processes: for that, a dual analysis was developed. First, an analysis based on fluvial sediments transport processes was realized. The second stage implied an analysis of the dam influence on fluvial hydrodynamics and sediments transport. Results comprised a quantitative assessment of each shape as well as physical processes identification and interpretation, generating a robust equivalence between shapes and triggering processes. This research proved successful for the identification and characterization of the main deposition and transport processes that may help to prevent, palliate, and/or correct phenomenon of silting in large reservoirs. This detailed knowledge of deposition forms opens new strategies to release sediments from storage water more effectively.

Funder

Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain

Publisher

MDPI AG

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