Pathways to Decarbonization of Deep-Sea Shipping: An Aframax Case Study

Author:

Farrukh Salman1,Li Mingqiang1,Kouris Georgios D.2ORCID,Wu Dawei1ORCID,Dearn Karl1ORCID,Yerasimou Zacharias2,Diamantis Pavlos2,Andrianos Kostas2

Affiliation:

1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK

2. Alpha Marine Consulting PC, 55 Kastoros Street, 18545 Piraeus, Greece

Abstract

Deep-sea decarbonization remains an enigma as the world scrambles to reduce global emissions. This study looks at near-term decarbonization solutions for deep-sea shipping. Pathways are defined, which are appealing to ship owners and major world economies alike. The economic and environmental viability of several of the most advanced near-term technologies for deep-sea decarbonization are revealed. The environmental analysis suggests the necessity of new emission intensity metrics. The economic analysis indicates that the carbon tax could be a great motivator to invest in decarbonization technologies. Standalone decarbonization technologies can provide a maximum of 20% emissions reduction. Hence, to meet IMO 2050 targets of 50% emissions reduction, several solutions need to be utilized in tandem. This study reaches the conclusion that alternative fuels are the crucial step to achieve a net zero carbon economy, although bunkering, infrastructure, and economic hurdles need to be overcome for the widespread implementation of carbon-neutral fuels.

Funder

EPSRC (the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council) of the United Kingdom

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Energy (miscellaneous),Energy Engineering and Power Technology,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment,Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Control and Optimization,Engineering (miscellaneous),Building and Construction

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