Anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Anti-Neospora caninum Antibodies in Urban Traction Equids in Northeast Brazil: Seroprevalence and Risk Factors

Author:

Costa Paulo Wbiratan Lopes1,Oliveira Clarisse Silva Menezes2,Bezerra Roberto Alves1,Alvares Felipe Boniedj Ventura2,Formiga Victor Hugo Alves Sousa2,Martins Marianne Rachel Domiciano Dantas1,Feitosa Thais Ferreira2ORCID,Vilela Vinícius Longo Ribeiro12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Pos-Graduating Program in Science and Animal Health, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos 58708-110, Paraíba, Brazil

2. Department of Veterinary Medicine, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba, Sousa 58814-000, Paraíba, Brazil

Abstract

The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of anti-T. gondii and anti-N. caninum antibodies in equids that carry out traction work in Northeastern Brazil, and to establish the potential risk factors associated with seropositivity for these agents. Blood samples were collected from 322 traction equids (horses, donkeys and mules) in urban areas of 16 municipalities in the State of Paraíba, Brazil. The samples were sent for serological diagnosis using the Immunofluorescence Antibody Test (IFAT). Epidemiological questionnaires were given to the owners to assess the possible risk factors associated with infections. It was observed that 13.7% (44/322, CI: 10.9–16.5) of the equids tested positive for anti-T. gondii antibodies and 5% (16/322, CI: 2.6–7.4) tested positive for anti-N. caninum antibodies. Conducting traction work for over four years was considered a risk factor associated with T. gondii infection (odds ratio: 6.050; CI: 4.38–8.54, p = 0.025). There were no risk factors associated with N. caninum infection. It was concluded that traction equids have a significant prevalence of anti-T. gondii and anti-N. caninum antibodies in urban areas in the State of Paraíba, with an identified risk factor for seropositivity for anti-T. gondii as conducting traction work for more than four years.

Funder

Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel

Instituto Federal da Paraíba

National Council for Scientific and Technological Development

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,General Immunology and Microbiology

Reference35 articles.

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3. Inquérito sorológico para toxoplasmose em equinos na região de Botucatu-SP. Comunicação;Camossi;Arq. Bras. Med. Veterinária Zootec.,2010

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5. Risk Factors for Occurrence of Anti-Neospora spp. Antibodies in Horses from Alagoas, Brazil;Albuquerque;J. Equine Vet. Sci.,2015

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