Numerical Study of the Effects of Injection Fluctuations on Liquid Nitrogen Spray Cooling

Author:

Xue Rong,Ruan Yixiao,Liu Xiufang,Chen Liang,Liu LiqiangORCID,Hou Yu

Abstract

Spray cooling with liquid nitrogen is increasingly utilized as an efficient approach to achieve cryogenic cooling. Effects of injection mass flow rate fluctuations on the evaporation, temperature distribution, and droplet distribution of a spray field were examined by employing a validated Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical model. The numerical results indicated that injection fluctuations enhanced the volume-averaging turbulent kinetic energy and promoted the evaporation of the whole spray field. The strengthened mass and heat transfer between the liquid nitrogen droplets and the surrounding vapor created by the fluctuating injection led to a lower temperature of the whole volume. A relatively smaller droplet size and a more inhomogeneous droplet distribution were obtained under the unsteady inlet. The changes of the frequency and the amplitude of the fluctuations had little effects on the overall spray development. The results could enrich the knowledge of the relation between the inevitable fluctuations and the overall spray development and the cooling performance in a practical spray cooling system with cryogenic fluids.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Process Chemistry and Technology,Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous),Bioengineering

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