Development of the Platform for Three-Dimensional Simulation of Additive Layer Manufacturing Processes Characterized by Changes in State of Matter: Melting-Solidification

Abstract

A new platform for three-dimensional simulation of Additive Layer Manufacturing (ALM) processes is presented in the paper. The platform is based on homogeneous methods—the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) with elements of Cellular Automata (CA). The platform represents a new computer-based engineering technique primarily focused on Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology. Innovative computational strategies and numerical algorithms for simulation and analysis of entire powder bed-based technology with changes in state of matter (melting-solidification) are presented in the paper. The models deal mainly with heat transfer, melting and solidification, and free-surface flow. Linking LBM and CA into a complex holistic model allows for complete full-scale simulations avoiding complicated interfaces. The approach is generic and can be applied to different multi-material powder bed-based SLM processes. A methodology for the adaptation of the model to the real material (Ti-6Al-4V alloy) and processing parameters is presented. The paper presents the first quantitative results obtained on the platform and shows the ability of the model to simulate and analyze a very complex technology, entirely without a complicated interface between the sub-models. It solves the large-scale problem connected with computer-aided design and analysis of new multi-passes and multi-materials processes.