Seroprevalence of Anti-Echinococcus granulosus Antibodies and Risk Factors for Infection in Blood Donors from Western Romania

Author:

Paduraru Ana Alexandra123ORCID,Lupu Maria Alina1234,Lighezan Rodica125,Pavel Radu16,Cretu Octavian Marius78,Olariu Tudor Rares1239ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Discipline of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania

2. Center for Diagnosis and Study of Parasitic Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania

3. Patogen Preventia, 300124 Timisoara, Romania

4. Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 300310 Timisoara, Romania

5. Regional Blood Transfusion Center, 300737 Timisoara, Romania

6. Discipline of Epidemiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania

7. Discipline of Surgical Semiology I and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery I, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania

8. General Surgery Clinic, Municipal Clinical Emergency Teaching Hospital, 300254 Timisoara, Romania

9. Clinical Laboratory, Municipal Clinical Emergency Teaching Hospital, 300254 Timisoara, Romania

Abstract

Cystic echinococcosis is a worldwide-distributed zoonotic parasitic disease. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the seroprevalence and risk factors potentially associated with Echinococcus granulosus in healthy blood donors from Timis County, an endemic region in Western Romania. Serum samples were collected from 1347 Romanian blood donors. Serologic tests to determine the presence of anti-Echinococcus antibodies were performed using an anti-Echinococcus-ELISA immunoassay. Anti-Echinococcus antibodies were detected in 38 blood donors, indicating an overall seroprevalence of 2.8%. The seropositivity rate was 3.7% in females and 3.1% in blood donors residing in urban areas. The highest seropositivity was found in the age group of 31–40 years (3.6%). There were no significant differences between Echinococcus seropositivity and gender, area of residence, age, contact with dogs, or raising sheep. This serologic survey evaluated for the first time the presence of Echinococcus antibodies in healthy blood donors from Western Romania and the potential risk factors associated with echinococcosis. Our results suggest that this zoonotic infection might evolve asymptomatically in apparently healthy individuals. Further studies should be conducted in the general population to estimate the true extent of human echinococcosis and its risk factors.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Paleontology,Space and Planetary Science,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

Reference59 articles.

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2. Human echinococcosis: A neglected disease;Gastroenterol. Res. Pract.,2010

3. Santucciu, C., Bonelli, P., Peruzzu, A., Fancellu, A., Marras, V., Carta, A., Mastrandrea, S., Bagella, G., Piseddu, T., and Profili, S. (2020). Cystic Echinococcosis: Clinical, Immunological, and Biomolecular Evaluation of Patients from Sardinia (Italy). Pathogens, 9.

4. World Health Organization (WHO) (2023, February 15). Echinococcosis. Available online: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs377/en/.

5. World Health Organization (2023, February 15). Accelerating Work to Overcome the Global Impact of Neglected Tropical Diseases: A Roadmap for Implementation: Executive Summary. Available online: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/70809.

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