Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes of Oral Cancers Using Transoral Robotic Surgery in an Endemic Region

Abstract

Oral cancer poses a major health challenge in Taiwan, consistently ranking among the highest globally in both incidence and cancer-related mortality. Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) has potential advantages over open surgery, but its long-term oncologic outcomes are not well established. In this study, we sought to elucidate the role of TORS in improving treatment outcomes among oral cancer patients. A case–control study with propensity score matching was conducted in a single teaching hospital in Taiwan. It included 72 oral cancer patients in each group to analyze and compare survival outcomes between the surgical approaches. The TORS group demonstrated a higher negative resection margin rate, a lower mortality risk and better overall survival than the open-surgery group. Multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed TORS’s association with a reduced risk of death. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and log-rank tests indicated significantly better survival outcomes for the TORS group across all cancer stages. Moreover, the TORS group exhibited improved overall survival rates for stage III and IV patients compared to the conventional open-surgery group. In conclusion, this study suggests that TORS may offer better overall survival rates and potential advantages over conventional surgery for oral cancer treatment.