Affiliation:
1. Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Medicine, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
Abstract
First-line chemotherapy has been established for advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC). However, few treatment options are available as second-line treatment. Advances in comprehensive genomic analysis revealed that nearly half of patients with BTC harbor targetable genetic alterations such as fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), BRAF, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), microsatellite instability (MSI)-high, neurotrophic tropomyosin receptor kinase (NTRK), rearranged during transfection (RET), and poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP). This review summarizes currently available options in precision medicine and clinical trials for patients with advanced BTC.