The Complex Cyto-Molecular Landscape of Thyroid Nodules in Pediatrics

Author:

Seminati Davide1ORCID,Ceola Stefano1ORCID,Pincelli Angela Ida2,Leni Davide3,Gatti Andrea4,Garancini Mattia4,L’Imperio Vincenzo1ORCID,Cattoni Alessandro5ORCID,Pagni Fabio1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Medicine and Surgery, Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy

2. Department of Endocrinology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy

3. Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy

4. Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy

5. Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy

Abstract

Thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is a commonly used diagnostic cytological procedure in pediatric patients for the evaluation of thyroid nodules, triaging them for the detection of thyroid cancer. In recent years, greater attention has been paid to thyroid FNA in this setting, including the use of updated ultrasound score algorithms to improve accuracy and yield, especially considering the theoretically higher risk of malignancy of these lesions compared with the adult population, as well as to minimize patient discomfort. Moreover, molecular genetic testing for thyroid disease is an expanding field of research that could aid in distinguishing benign from cancerous nodules and assist in determining their clinical management. Finally, artificial intelligence tools can help in this task by performing a comprehensive analysis of all the obtained data. These advancements have led to greater reliance on FNA as a first-line diagnostic tool for pediatric thyroid disease. This review article provides an overview of these recent developments and their impact on the diagnosis and management of thyroid nodules in children.

Funder

Regione Lombardia

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Cancer Research,Oncology

Cited by 1 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

1. Evolving concepts in thyroid cytology;Journal of the American Society of Cytopathology;2024-08

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