Unlocking Glioblastoma Secrets: Natural Killer Cell Therapy against Cancer Stem Cells

Author:

Du Yuanning1ORCID,Pollok Karen E.2345,Shen Jia125

Affiliation:

1. Medical Sciences Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA

2. Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA

3. Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA

4. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA

5. Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) represents a paramount challenge as the most formidable primary brain tumor characterized by its rapid growth, aggressive invasiveness, and remarkable heterogeneity, collectively impeding effective therapeutic interventions. The cancer stem cells within GBM, GBM stem cells (GSCs), hold pivotal significance in fueling tumor advancement, therapeutic refractoriness, and relapse. Given their unique attributes encompassing self-renewal, multipotent differentiation potential, and intricate interplay with the tumor microenvironment, targeting GSCs emerges as a critical strategy for innovative GBM treatments. Natural killer (NK) cells, innate immune effectors recognized for their capacity to selectively detect and eliminate malignancies without the need for prior sensitization, offer substantial therapeutic potential. Harnessing the inherent capabilities of NK cells can not only directly engage tumor cells but also augment broader immune responses. Encouraging outcomes from clinical investigations underscore NK cells as a potentially effective modality for cancer therapy. Consequently, NK cell-based approaches hold promise for effectively targeting GSCs, thereby presenting an avenue to enhance treatment outcomes for GBM patients. This review outlines GBM’s intricate landscape, therapeutic challenges, GSC-related dynamics, and elucidates the potential of NK cell as an immunotherapeutic strategy directed towards GSCs.

Funder

National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health

National Institutes of Health

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Cancer Research,Oncology

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