Adoptive Cell Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Review of Clinical Trials

Author:

Ozer Muhammet1ORCID,Goksu Suleyman Yasin2ORCID,Akagunduz Baran3ORCID,George Andrew456,Sahin Ilyas78ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA

2. Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA

3. Department of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey

4. Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02915, USA

5. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02915, USA

6. Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02915, USA

7. Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA

8. University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become the new reference standard in first-line HCC treatment, replacing tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as sorafenib. Many clinical trials with different combinations are already in development to validate novel immunotherapies for the treatment of patients with HCC. Adoptive cell therapy (ACT), also known as cellular immunotherapy, with chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) or gene-modified T cells expressing novel T cell receptors (TCR) may represent a promising alternative approach to modify the immune system to recognize tumor cells with better clinical outcomes. In this review, we briefly discuss the overview of ACT as a promising treatment modality in HCC, along with recent updates of ongoing clinical trials.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Cancer Research,Oncology

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