1. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N9, Canada
2. Department of Geography and Planning, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
3. School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
4. WSP Environment and Infrastructure Canada Limited, Ottawa, ON K2E 7L5, Canada
5. Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China