Affiliation:
1. College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
2. College of Biology and the Environment, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
Abstract
Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass), China’s most common invasive species, has posed significant challenges to native plant communities and coastal environments. Monitoring the invasion and dieback process of S. alterniflora by multisource high-resolution imagery is necessary to manage the invasion of the species. Current spatial analyses, however, are insufficient. As a result, we first extracted S. alterniflora by integrating multisource high-resolution images through the multiscale object-oriented classification method, then identified the expansion patterns of S. alterniflora on the seaward side by the landscape expansion index, and conformed the main drivers of S. alterniflora dieback on the landward side in the Jiangsu Dafeng Milu National Nature Reserve. The findings revealed that the area of S. alterniflora decreased in size from 1511.26 ha in 2010 to 910.25 ha in 2020. S. alterniflora continues to grow to the sea and along the tidal creek on the seaward side, with a total increase of 159.13 ha. External isolation expansion patterns accounted for 65.16% of the total expansion patches, with marginal expansion patches accounting for 24.22% and tidal creek-leading expansion patches accounting for 10.62%. While the landward side showed a declining trend, the total area decreased by 852.36 ha, with an annual average change rate of 8.67%. S. alterniflora dieback was negatively related to the number of tidal creeks and positively related to the number of wild Elaphures davidianus and the length of artificial ditches. Our findings provide a scientific foundation for the ecological control of S. alterniflora. Its presence in coastal wetlands inspires evidence-based protection and management strategies to protect the coastal wetland ecosystem.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China
PhD Research Startup Foundation of Henan University of Science and Technology
Natural Science Foundation of Henan province
Subject
General Earth and Planetary Sciences
Reference54 articles.
1. Liu, M., Li, H., Li, L., Man, W., Jia, M., Wang, Z., and Lu, C. (2017). Monitoring the Invasion of Spartina alterniflora Using Multi-source High-resolution Imagery in the Zhangjiang Estuary, China. Remote Sens., 9.
2. Research progress on the ecohydrological mechanisms of Spartina alterniflora invasion in coastal wetlands;Luan;J. Agric. Resour. Environ.,2020
3. Quantifying the Long-Term Expansion and Dieback of Spartina Alterniflora Using Google Earth Engine and Object-Based Hierarchical Random Forest Classification;Yan;IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Obs. Remote Sens.,2021
4. Liu, M. (2018). Remote Sensing Analysis of Spartina Alterniflora in the Coastal Areas of China during 1990 to 2015. [Ph.D. Thesis, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology)].
5. Liu, X. (2018). Spatial Pattern and Changes of Spartina Alterniflora with Different Invasion Ages in Yancheng Coastal Wetlands. [Ph.D. Thesis, Nanjing Normal University].