Reference Array and Design Consideration for the Next-Generation Event Horizon Telescope-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Reference Array and Design Consideration for the Next-Generation Event Horizon Telescope

Published:2023-10-18 Issue:5 Volume:11 Page:107
ISSN:2075-4434
Container-title:Galaxies
language:en
Short-container-title:Galaxies

Author:

Doeleman Sheperd S.¹²^ORCID,Barrett John³^ORCID,Blackburn Lindy¹²^ORCID,Bouman Katherine L.⁴^ORCID,Broderick Avery E.⁵⁶⁷^ORCID,Chaves Ryan¹^ORCID,Fish Vincent L.³^ORCID,Fitzpatrick Garret¹,Freeman Mark¹,Fuentes Antonio⁸,Gómez José L.⁸^ORCID,Haworth Kari¹,Houston Janice¹,Issaoun Sara¹^ORCID,Johnson Michael D.¹²^ORCID,Kettenis Mark⁹^ORCID,Loinard Laurent¹⁰^ORCID,Nagar Neil¹¹^ORCID,Narayanan Gopal¹²^ORCID,Oppenheimer Aaron¹^ORCID,Palumbo Daniel C. M.¹²^ORCID,Patel Nimesh¹^ORCID,Pesce Dominic W.¹²^ORCID,Raymond Alexander W.¹¹³^ORCID,Roelofs Freek¹²^ORCID,Srinivasan Ranjani¹,Tiede Paul¹²^ORCID,Weintroub Jonathan¹²^ORCID,Wielgus Maciek¹⁴^ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Center for Astrophysics|Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

2. Black Hole Initiative, Harvard University, 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

3. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory, 99 Millstone Road, Westford, MA 01886, USA

4. California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA

5. Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, 31 Caroline Street North, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada

6. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada

7. Waterloo Centre for Astrophysics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada

8. Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008 Granada, Spain

9. Joint Institute for VLBI ERIC (JIVE), Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, 7991 PD Dwingeloo, The Netherlands

10. Instituto de Radioastronomía y Astrofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia 58089, Mexico

11. Astronomy Department, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4030000, Chile

12. Department of Astronomy, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA

13. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, CA 91109, USA

14. Max–Planck–Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany

Abstract

We describe the process to design, architect, and implement a transformative enhancement of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). This program—the next-generation Event Horizon Telescope (ngEHT)—will form a networked global array of radio dishes capable of making high-fidelity real-time movies of supermassive black holes (SMBH) and their emanating jets. This builds upon the EHT principally by deploying additional modest-diameter dishes to optimized geographic locations to enhance the current global mm/submm wavelength Very Long Baseline Interferometric (VLBI) array, which has, to date, utilized mostly pre-existing radio telescopes. The ngEHT program further focuses on observing at three frequencies simultaneously for increased sensitivity and Fourier spatial frequency coverage. Here, the concept, science goals, design considerations, station siting, and instrument prototyping are discussed, and a preliminary reference array to be implemented in phases is described.

Funder

NSF

Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation

DGAPA PAPIIT

CONACYT-CF

Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University

ANID Chile

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Link

https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4434/11/5/107/pdf

Reference107 articles.

1. Akiyama, K. et al. [Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration] (2019). First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole. Astrophys. J. Lett., 875, L1.

2. Akiyama, K. et al. [Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration] (2019). First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. Array and Instrumentation. Astrophys. J. Lett., 875, L2.

3. Akiyama, K. et al. [Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration] (2019). First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. III. Data Processing and Calibration. Astrophys. J. Lett., 875, L3.

4. Akiyama, K. et al. [Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration] (2019). First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. IV. Imaging the Central Supermassive Black Hole. Astrophys. J. Lett., 875, L4.

5. Akiyama, K. et al. [Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration] (2019). First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. V. Physical Origin of the Asymmetric Ring. Astrophys. J. Lett., 875, L5.

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