Combinatorial Effects of Glycine and Inorganic Nitrogen on Root Growth and Nitrogen Nutrition in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Abstract

Organic and inorganic nitrogen play important roles in plant nitrogen nutrition. However, how the coapplication of organic and inorganic nitrogen affects root growth, plant nitrogen metabolism, and soil nitrogen content is still unclear. Plant shoot and root growth, nitrogen uptake and metabolism, and soil nitrogen content were studied in maize (Zea mays L.) through pot experiments with different nitrogen treatments, including NH4+ -N (Amm), NO3− -N (Nit), NH4+ -N + NO3− -N (Amm + Nit), NH4+ -N + NO3− -N + glutamate-N (Amm + Nit + Glu), and NH4+ -N + NO3− -N + glycine-N (Amm + Nit + Gly). The results show that the shoot nitrogen uptake of maize treated with Amm + Nit + Gly was the highest among all the nitrogen treatments. In addition, the coapplication of glycine and inorganic nitrogen increased glutamine synthetase (GS) activity in the maize leaves, promoted nitrogen metabolism levels, and was conducive to the accumulation of amino acids and soluble protein in leaves. Compared with inorganic nitrogen, glycine combined with inorganic nitrogen increased the total root length and root surface area. A correlation analysis showed that total root length and root surface area had a significant positive effect on nitrogen uptake. When ammonium, nitrate, and glycine were applied together, the content of inorganic nitrogen and total nitrogen in soil was higher than that for other inorganic nitrogen treatments. Therefore, we conclude that glycine combined with inorganic nitrogen can increase soil nitrogen content, promote maize root growth, and thus facilitate nitrogen uptake and metabolism.