Abstract
We trace the history of the endangered Northern Bald Ibis through different epochs to the present. A particular focus is placed on its life in and disappearance from ancient Egypt, where the bird attained great cultural and religious significance, and on the modern endeavour to re-wild the species. Due to the characteristic appearance, behaviour and habitat of the species as well as its need for open foraging areas, a close mutualistic relationship between humans and the birds was formed in ancient Egypt, as in other cultures. A clear benefit for the Northern Bald Ibis was the availability of feeding habitats, which were cleared by humans for farming or grazing. The benefit to people was rather cultural because the bird attracted religious veneration or symbolic meanings from ancient Egypt to medieval Europe. The proximity to humans, however, carried a high risk as well. We discuss various types of impact (including human impacts as well as climate change) as triggers for the extinction of the species. The evidence for a triple disappearance of the Northern Bald Ibis (around 2000 BCE, around 1600 CE and in modern time) represents a unique basis for studying both the bird’s habitat preferences and its vulnerability. This is because different, mainly anthropogenic, causes stood behind these three historical disappearances, although the disappearances in all three epochs occurred during a period of climate change.
Subject
General Veterinary,Animal Science and Zoology
Reference95 articles.
1. Mainstreaming the social sciences in conservation
2. Overcoming Obstacles to Interdisciplinary Research
3. Running with images: Ritualized script in the Vogellauf, Rudderlauf and Vasenlauf;Janák,2020
4. Spotting the Akh. The Presence of the Northern Bald Ibis in Ancient Egypt and Its Early Decline;Janák;J. Am. Res. Cent. Egypt,2011
5. Back into European Wildlife: The Reintroduction of the Northern Bald Ibis (Geronticus eremita);Fritz,2019
Cited by
1 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献