Determination of Highly Transient Electric Field in Water Using the Kerr Effect with Picosecond Resolution

Author:

Hoffer Petr1ORCID,Prukner Václav1,Arora Garima1ORCID,Mušálek Radek1,Šimek Milan1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Plasma Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, U Slovanky 2525/1a, 182 00 Prague, Czech Republic

Abstract

This study utilizes the Kerr effect in the analysis of a pulsed electric field (intensity ~108 V/m, limited by the liquid dielectric strength) in deionized water at the sub-nanosecond time scale. The results provide information about voltage waveforms at the field-producing anode (160 kV peak, du/dt > 70 kV/ns). The analysis is based on detecting the phase shifts between measured and reference pulsed laser beams (pulse width, 35 ps; wavelength, 532 nm) using a Mach–Zehnder interferometer. The signal-to-noise ratio of the detected phase shift is maximized by an appropriate geometry of the field-producing anode, which creates a correctly oriented strong electric field along the interaction path and simultaneously does not electrically load the feeding transmission line. The described method has a spatial resolution of ~1 μm, and its time resolution is determined by the laser pulse duration.

Funder

Czech Science Foundation

Publisher

MDPI AG

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