Negative association between lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 activity and baroreflex sensitivity in subjects with high normal blood pressure and a positive family history of hypertension

Abstract

The relationship between baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and inflammatory vascular biomarker Lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA(2)) in subjects with high normal blood pressure (HNBP, prehypertensives) with a positive family history of hypertension (FHH+) and hypertension history free control subjects (FHH-) was evaluated. A total of 24 HNBP participants (age 39.5 ± 2.5 years, 18 male/ 6 female) were studied. 14 HNBP subjects FHH+ were compared to 10 HNBP participants FHH-, being of similar age and body mass index. BRS (ms/mmHg) was determined by the sequence and spectral methods (five-minute non-invasive beat-to-beat recording of blood pressure and RR interval, controlled breathing at a frequency of 0.33 Hz). Venous blood was analyzed for Lp-PLA(2) biomarker of vascular inflammation and atherothrombotic activity. A significant negative correlation between spontaneous BRS obtained by both methods and systolic blood pressure (BP) was present (BRS spect r = –0.54, P<0.001, BRS seq r = –0.59, P<0.001). BRS obtained by sequence and spectral methods were reduced in HNBP FHH+ compared to the group of HNBP FHH- (P = 0.0317 BRS seq, P = 0.0395 BRS spect). Lp-PLA(2) was significantly higher in HNBP FHH+ compared to FHH- controls (P< 0.05). Lp-PLA(2) was negatively correlated with BRS obtained by sequence method (r = -0.798, R2 = 0.636, P< 0.001) in the HNBP FHH+ subjects. These findings demonstrate that reduced baroreflex sensitivity, as a marker of autonomic dysfunction, is associated with vascular inflammation, predominantly in otherwise healthy participants with a positive family history of hypertension who could predispose to increased risk of hypertension. We conclude that our transversal study suggests that a low baroreflex sensitivity could be an early sign of autonomic dysfunction even in the prehypertensive period, and to corroborate these findings, a longitudinal study is needed.