Towards a Fairer Future: Examining Environmental Permits in Indonesia and Sweden Through the Lens of Sustainable Development and Equity

Abstract

Objective: Through the lens of a comparative investigation of Indonesia and Sweden, this paper examines the process through which appropriate environmental permits have been developed in this period of sustainable development.   Methods: In the current research, the approach of comparative law is utilised to evaluate and analyse the various environmental legal systems that are in place in Indonesia and Sweden. The comparative law approach is a research strategy used to examine the legal systems of two or more countries or jurisdictions to find similarities and differences in certain laws.   Results: According to the findings of this research, Indonesia and Sweden have quite different systems in place for issuing permits for activities that have the potential to cause damage to the environment, particularly in terms of the level of public participation. In contrast to Indonesia, which places restrictions on participation that are restricted to only those who are directly impacted, Sweden places a priority on the participation of those who are potentially disadvantaged. This study also stresses the importance of the cooperation of environmentalists in order to have a better understanding of the chain consequences that are caused by activities involving the use of the environment. Regulation to Replace Law Number 2 of 2022 in Indonesia eliminates the participation of environmentalists and limits the participation of the public. This has given rise to questions about whether or not the environment would be protected equitably.   Suggestions: According to the findings of this research, to achieve an appropriate environmental permit in Indonesia, there needs to be a convergence between the interests of business owners, the communities where they live, and environmental protection.