RELAÇÃO DA MORDIDA ABERTA ANTERIOR E OS HÁBITOS DELETÉRIOS: relato de caso clínico

Abstract

Anterior open bite (AOM) is understood as a negative distance between the upper front teeth and the lower teeth. This dental complication is part of malocclusions, ranking third in the ranking of most prevalent dental problems, thus corroborating the choice of this topic. This occlusopathy can be caused by intrinsic reasons, such as hereditary factors, and extrinsic reasons, such as harmful habits, which are the factors chosen for research. The purpose is to relate the literature review to a clinical case report treated, so that the professional knows how to work on prevention and treatment. Literary research was carried out through scientific articles and dissertations in online databases, such as Google Scholar, SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) and BVS (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde - Virtual Health Library) using descriptors present in DeCS (Descriptors in Health Sciences), and through data collection from the patient's dental records, radiographic folder, cephalometric examination and study models at the Dental Office located in the city of Varjão de Minas-MG. By analyzing the association between the literature review and the clinical case, it was possible to prove that harmful habits, when present, interfere with the development of the dentoalveolar process, taking into account their intensity, time and duration. Treatment can range from abandoning habits to orthodontic and/or surgical treatment. In the case of the A.P.P.S patient, 14 years old, female, with melanoderma, just abandoning her habits would not be enough, because there would not be a physiological correction due to her age at the time of treatment, so a fixed “Roth” prescription device was indicated. gluing spurs to avoid interposition of the tongue and digital suction. Intrusion of lower molars with distal steps and mini implants and extrusion of upper incisors with elastics, as described in the literature. The patient underwent a surgical procedure only to extract the third molars. The treatment was satisfactory, returning function and aesthetics to the patient. It can be seen that prevention is the best path when it comes to AOM caused by harmful habits, because when habits are abandoned while there is time, the body itself tends to correct the defect spontaneously.