EFEITO DA TERAPIA COM CÉLULAS-TRONCO NO REPARO ÓSSEO DO MAXILAR E MANDÍBULA

Abstract

Maxillary and mandibular defects can result from a number of issues, such as periodontal disease, tumors, trauma and congenital anomalies, and can affect not only speech and mastication, but also aesthetics and self-esteem. In this sense, stem cell therapy is a promising, effective and safe option in the growing search for new forms of treatment for these dysfunctions. In this context, the aim of this study is to evaluate, through a literature review, the use of stem cells in bone regeneration of the maxillary and mandibular bones. The information was obtained through a bibliographic search carried out in February and March 2024 on the Scielo, Pubmed, Medline and Google Scholar platforms using the descriptors "Stem Cells", "Bone Repair", "Mandible", "Maxilla" and their Portuguese versions. Only papers published in English and Portuguese that dealt with the use of stem cells to regenerate defects in the mandible and maxilla were selected. During the search, x papers were initially selected, which 18 were included after consulting the abstracts and then reading them in full. Mesenchymal stem cells have been shown to improve and accelerate healing processes and increase bone density in the long term, thus promoting a faster and more complete recovery for patients, reducing the need for autologous grafts or synthetic materials. However, they have been shown to have a limited effect in cases of extensive bone defects. It can be concluded that stem cell therapy is an effective and safe alternative for promoting bone regeneration in cases of maxillary and mandibular defects, but further controlled studies are still needed to improve its performance by developing more efficient application strategies.