1. My earlier paper, “Kung Fu Fighting: Doing Action and Negotiating Masculinity,” developed Meaghan Morris's concept of doing action to refer to the emerging practices of self-empowerment, self-defense, new ethics, and spirituality, as well as new media genres influenced by the rise of transnational action cinema. Yue, “Kung Fu Fighting: Doing Action and Negotiating Masculinity,” Katrina Schlunke and Nicole Anderson, eds. Cultural Theory in Everyday Life (Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 2008): 144–152.