1. Member, ASCE
2. Fellow, ASCE
3. Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Civ. and Mech. Engrg., U.S. Military Academy, West Point, NY 10996. E-mail: ia2804@trotter.usma.edu
4. Prof., Dept. of Civ., Envir., and Arch. Engrg., Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0428. E-mail: dan.frangopol@colorado.edu