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2. Design of Wye Branches for Steel Pipe, by H. S. Swanson, H. J. Chapton, W. J. Wilkinson, C. L. King, and E. D. Nelson;American Water Works Association (AWWA).;Journal American Water Works Association,1955
3. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR). (1964) Stress Analysis of Wye Branches by F. 0. Ruud Engineering Monograph No. 32 Denver CO.
4. American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). 2012. Steel Penstocks Manual of Practice 79 Second Edition.
5. American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). 2016. Design and Fabrication of Reducing Elbows C. Sundberg & J. Call; Kansas City MO.