1. Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, National Capital Region, 7054 Haycock Rd., Falls Church, VA 22043 (corresponding author).
2. Graduate Student, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, National Capital Region, 7054 Haycock Rd., Falls Church, VA 22043.
3. Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Ryerson Univ., 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada; formerly, Professor, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson Univ., 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada.