1. Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 5V6; Lecturer and Research Assistant, Dept. of Structural Engineering, Ain Shams Univ., Cairo 11517, Egypt.
2. Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 5V6 (corresponding author).
3. Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 5V6.