1. Professor, Dept. of Civil and Architectural Engineering and Construction Management, Univ. of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 (corresponding author).
2. Irma Louise Rush Stewart Distinguished Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Louisiana Transportation Research Center, Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA 70808.
3. Goetechnical Engineer, Howard Pile Driving Co, Inc., 2417 Sharon St., Kenner, LA 70062.