1. Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Karadeniz Technical Univ., 61080 Trabzon, Turkey (corresponding author).
2. Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Ondokuz Mayis Univ., Samsun, Turkey.
3. Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Karadeniz Technical Univ., 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
4. Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Geodetic Science, Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH 43210.