1. Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, The Univ. of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3905 (corresponding author). E-mail: rliang@uakron.edu
2. Geotechnical Engineer, Gannett Fleming, Inc., Valley Forge Corporate Center, Audubon, PA 19403-2402; formerly, Graduate Research Assistant, The Univ. of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3905. E-mail: srababah@gfnet.com
3. Graduate Research Assistant, Dept. of Civil Engineering, The Univ. of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3905. E-mail: mak47@uakron.edu