1. American Petroleum Institute (API). (1993). “Recommended practice for planning designing and constructing fixed offshore platforms ” API RP2A-LRFD Washington D.C.
2. American Welding Society (AWS). (1996). “Structural welding code—Steel.” ANSI/AWS D1.1-96 . American Welding Society Inc. Miami.
3. Dover W. D. Dharmavasan S. Brennan F. P. and Marsh K. J. (1995). “Fatigue crack growth in offshore structures.” Engineering Materials Advisory Services (EMAS) Ltd. Chameleon Press London.
4. Efthymiou M. and Durkin S. (1985). “Stress concentrations in T/Y and gap/overlap K joints.” Proc. Int. Conf. Behavior of Offshore Structures Delft The Netherlands 429–441.
5. Gulati K. C. Wang W. J. and Kan D. K. Y. (1982). “An analytical study of stress concentration effects in multibrace joints under combined loading.” Proc. 14th Annual Offshore Technology Conf. OTC 4407 Houston 337–355.