1. Professor, Fuzhou Univ., Fuzhou 350108, China; Professor, Tongji Univ., Shanghai 200092, China; and Professor and Chair, Dept. of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616 (corresponding author)
2. Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Bridge Engineering, Tongji Univ., Shanghai 200092, China.
3. Professor, School of Civil Engineering, Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN 47907.