1. Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0116 (corresponding author).
2. CSE Distinguished Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0116.
3. Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0116.
4. Senior Engineer, Minnesota Dept. of Transportation, 3485 Hadley Ave. N 610, Oakdale, MN 55128.