1. Professor, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar Univ., P.O. Box 2713, Doha 2713, Qatar.
2. Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton Univ., 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON, Canada K1S 5B6 (corresponding author).
3. Island Water Technologies Inc., P.O. Box 577, 23 Brook St., Montague, PE, Canada C0A 1R0.