1. Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Hawai’i at Mānoa, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 383, Honolulu, HI 96822 (corresponding author). ORCID: .
2. Principal Researcher, Offshore Plant and Marine Energy Research Division, Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering, 32 Yuseong-Daero, 1312 Beon-Gil, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea.
3. Principal Researcher, Seawater Energy Plant Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering, 124-32 Simchungsu-Gil, Jukwang-Myon, Kosung-Gun, Gangwon-do 24747, Republic of Korea.
4. Ph.D. Student, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Hawai’i at Mānoa, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 383, Honolulu, HI 96822.