1. Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Lakehead Univ., Thunder Bay, ON, Canada P7B 5E1 (corresponding author).
2. Professor Emeritus, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2W2.
3. Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2W2.