1. Ph.D. Student, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
2. Associate Professor, Dept. of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, Univ. of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
3. Lecturer, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.