1. Professor, Laboratory of Structural Function, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ., Gokashou, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
2. Professor, School of Architecture, Kogakuin Univ., Shinjuku, Tokyo 163-8677, Japan.
3. Professor, Institute of Industrial Science, Univ. of Tokyo, Ce 406, 4-6-1 Komba Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
4. Senior Research Engineer, Structural Division, Building Research Institute, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken 305-0802, Japan.
5. Associate Professor, School of Engineering, Univ. of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, BC, Canada V1V 1V7 (corresponding author).