1. Ph.D. Student, Dept. of Civil and Structural Engineering, Univ. of Sheffield, Sir Frederick Mappin Building, Mappin St., Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K.; Lecturer, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Salahaddin Univ.—Erbil, Kirkuk Rd., Erbil, Iraq (corresponding author).
2. Senior Lecturer, Dept. of Civil and Structural Engineering, Univ. of Sheffield, Sir Frederick Mappin Building, Mappin St., Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K.
3. Professor of Construction Innovation and Director of the Centre for Cement and Concrete, Dept. of Civil and Structural Engineering, Univ. of Sheffield, Sir Frederick Mappin Building, Mappin St., Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K.