1. Postdoctoral Fellow, Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto Univ., Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan (corresponding author).
2. Postdoctoral Fellow, Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto Univ., Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
3. Graduate Student, Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto Univ., Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
4. Associate Professor, Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration, Sanhe 065201, China; formerly, Postdoctoral Fellow, Earthquake Research Institute, Univ. of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
5. Professor, Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto Univ., Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.