1. The Steel Construction Institute, Silwood Park, Ascot, SL5 7QN, UK (corresponding author).
2. Lecturer, Dept. of Civil and Structural Engineering, The Univ. of Sheffield, Sir Frederic Mappin Bldg., Mappin St., Sheffield S1 3JD, UK.
3. Senior Lecturer, Dept. of Civil and Structural Engineering, The Univ. of Sheffield, Sir Frederic Mappin Bldg., Mappin St., Sheffield S1 3JD, UK. ORCID: .