1. Research Associate, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2125 (corresponding author).
2. Construction Manager, Nippon Steel Engineering, 1-5-1 Osaki, Shinagawa, Tokyo 141-0032, Japan.
3. Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2125.
4. Associate Professor, Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto Univ., Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan. ORCID: