1. Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton AB, Canada T6G 2W2.
2. Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton AB, Canada T6G 2W2; and, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang Univ., Zhejiang 310058, China (corresponding author).