1. Doctoral Student, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Queen’s Univ., Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6.
2. Professor and Canada Research Chair in Innovative and Retrofitted Structures, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Queen’s Univ., Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6 (corresponding author).
3. Professor and Canada Research Chair in Infrastructure Engineering, GeoEngineering Centre at Queen’s-RMC, Queen’s Univ., Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6.